• Maddalam: This is a larger barrel-shaped drum played with the hands. It has two sides, with one producing a bass sound and the other a treble sound. The Maddalam provides the rhythmic framework for the ensemble.
• Edakka: It is a smaller drum with a cylindrical shape, played with a curved stick. The Edakka is responsible for providing variations and intricate rhythms.
• Ilathalam: This is a set of small cymbals made of brass, held in both hands and clashed together. It adds a metallic, high-pitched sound to the ensemble.
• Kombu: It is a long, curved horn made of brass or copper. The Kombu is played by blowing into it, producing a distinct melody.

When played, the musician blows air into the mouthpiece, causing the reeds to vibrate and produce sound. The nadhaswaram has a powerful and resonant tone, and it is capable of producing a wide range of pitches and melodies.

Traditionally, the nadhaswaram was primarily associated with auspicious occasions and temple rituals in South India, such as weddings, temple processions, and religious festivals. It is believed to bring blessings and create a sacred atmosphere. Over time, it has also become an important instrument in classical Carnatic music concerts.

The nadhaswaram is typically played in pairs, with one musician playing the main melody and another providing a drone accompaniment using a similar instrument called the "thavil." The combination of nadhaswaram and thavil creates a rich and vibrant sound that is characteristic of South Indian classical music.

The playing technique of the nadhaswaram requires considerable skill and breath control. The instrument is known for its ability to produce intricate melodies, fast-paced rhythmic patterns, and improvisations. It has a distinct and recognizable sound that has been cherished and preserved for centuries as an integral part of South Indian cultural heritage.

The Chendamelam ensemble usually includes other accompanying instruments such as the ilathalam (cymbals) and kombu (brass horn). The ilathalam produces metallic clashing sounds, and the kombu adds melodic phrases and variations.

Chendamelam performances are often associated with temple festivals, processions, and other celebratory events in Kerala. The ensemble creates a captivating and energetic atmosphere, captivating the audience with its rhythmic patterns, powerful beats, and intricate synchronization.

The chenda player leads the ensemble, setting the tempo and rhythmic patterns. The performance typically starts with slow, steady beats and gradually builds up in complexity and speed. Chendamelam is known for its vibrant and dynamic nature, showcasing the skill and coordination of the musicians.

Chendamelam has its roots in Kerala's cultural traditions and is considered an integral part of the state's heritage. It continues to be performed in various contexts, including religious ceremonies, cultural festivals, and stage performances, preserving the rich musical heritage of Kerala.

• Brass or Woodwind Instruments: Bands playing genres like jazz or funk may include instruments like saxophones, trumpets, or trombones for added texture and musical expression.
• Drums: The drum kit provides the rhythmic backbone of the band, including beats, fills, and accents.
• Keyboards or Piano: These instruments add melodic and harmonic elements to the music.
• Bass Guitar: This instrument provides the low-end foundation and rhythmic support.

The specific instruments and their combination depend on the band's musical style, preferences, and the specific requirements of the songs being performed.

Bandsets often perform live at concerts, music venues, weddings, parties, and other events. They may also create recordings and release albums. The size and scale of a bandset can range from a small group of musicians to a large ensemble, depending on the desired sound and the band's vision.